The 4th Maryland Regiment was organized on 27 March 1776 with eight companies from Baltimore, Anne Arundel and Somerset counties in the colony of Maryland. The Regiment was authorized on September 16, 1776 in the Continental Army and assigned to the Main Continental Army on December 27, 1776. It was assigned on May 22, 1777 to the 2d Maryland Brigade, an element of the Main Continental Army. The regiment was re-organized to nine companies on 12 May 1779. On 5 April 1780 the 2d Maryland Brigade was re-assigned to the Southern Department. On 1 January 1781 the regiment was relieved from the 2d Maryland Brigade. On 24 September 1781 the regiment was assigned to Gist's Brigade, an element of the Main Continental Army. Three days later, (September 27, 1781) Gist's Brigade was re-assigned to the Southern Department. Gist's Brigade relieved on October 27, 1781 from the Main Continental Army and assigned to the Southern Department. On 4 January 1782 the regiment was re-assigned to the Maryland Brigade, an element of the Southern Department. The 4th Maryland Regiment was disbanded on January 1, 1783 at Charleston, South Carolina.