The Regiment was authorized on August 21, 1775 in the Virginia State Troops as the First Virginia Regiment. Organized on October 21, 1775 at Williamsburg as a provincial defense unit composed of six musket and two rifle companies under the command of Patrick Henry. Each company was to consist of 68 enlisted men, with officers to include a captain, lieutenant and ensign (second lieutenant). Six of the companies were armed with muskets, and two with rifles. Reorganized on January 11, 1776 to consist of 10 companies by raising two more musket companies. It was assigned on February 27, 1776 to the Southern Department. Consolidated on May 12, 1779 with the 9th Virginia Regiment and redesignated as the 1st Virginia Regiment, to consist of 9 companies. Relieved on December 4, 1779 from the 1st Virginia Brigade and assigned to the Southern Department. Captured on May 12, 1780 by the British Army at Charleston, South Carolina. Disbanded on November 15, 1783.